freezer cooking


1.  What is freezer cooking?          

Freezer cooking, bulk cooking, batch cooking, Once A Month Cooking (OAMC).   No matter what you call it, freezer cooking helps save you time and money as you seek to feed your family.  Freezer cooking not only adapts to any family, budget, and space, but also to individual tastes, preferences, and dietary needs.  Adaptability may be the best thing about freezer cooking.  Nearly every recipe can be adapted in some way for the freezer so your family can continue to enjoy the foods they love.  No matter what your individual or family needs are, freezer cooking will work you.

2.  What are the benefits of freezer cooking?

Cost – Freezer cooking provides a great way to save money for your family.  When you cook in bulk, you are able to take advantage of large sizes and deals which previously you may have passed by not knowing how you would use it all before it went bad.  By having meals ready to go in your freezer, you also save money by not needing to make a run out for fast food or to the grocery store because there’s nothing in the kitchen ready for dinner. 

Convenience – Everyone is busy.  Between church meetings, games, school, and other commitments, there isn’t always an hour in the evening to make dinner or time in the morning to make a hot breakfast.  Freezer cooking gives you convenient meals with most of the work done, so that dinner or breakfast is just minutes away.

Time – It actually takes less time per meal to cook in bulk than to make each meal individually.  It only takes a few minutes longer to triple a meal, but it takes three times longer to make that meal on three different nights.  The time for freezer cooking can be difficult to find, especially when you have small children or a busy schedule.  The time invested cooking, however, is more than made up for in the time you’ll save at mealtime.  Plus, you’ll only dirty those pots and pans once instead of three times, saving you a ton of scrubbing. 

Ingredients – Are there special dietary concerns in your family?  Are you looking for a way to make your eating healthier and less dependent on chemical additives?  Freezer cooking gives you the ability to customize your eating to exactly what you need it to be for your family.

Deciding which benefit of freezer cooking is your top priority may help you determine exactly how freezer cooking can work for you.

3.  How much space does freezer cooking take?

The answer:  as much space as you want it to.  Although having a large freezer is a nice bonus, it is definitely not a necessity to enjoy the benefits of freezer cooking.  A large freezer will store more, but a small freezer easily holds meals and meal parts that will help make your life easier.  A small freezer may not be able to hold everything you’d like to freeze, but it will sure hold enough to save you some time and money.   When considering what kind of space you have to devote to freezer cooking, consider a mixture of make ahead meals and meal components or ingredients (see question 6).

4.  How do I package these foods that I’ve made?

Most packaging is pretty intuitive; you just have to remember it's going in the freezer for a little while so you want to prevent freezer burn.  Also understand that if you pack a lot of things in together, you'll want a little durability.  There are many things available, so I'll try to familiarize you with them and you can make your own selections.

Foil protects against freezer burn and molds to the food you're freezing.  This works well for meats and breads, though if using for breads be sure to give the bread a little room to breathe when defrosting to prevent sogginess.  Foil used to wrap baked goods can be gently opened, washed and reused.  It is also easy to label and help keep your freezer organized. 

Freezer bags are very universal and can be used to freeze almost anything.  The problem with bags is they're just “dump and go,” so you'll need to flash freeze anything with small form, like fruits and vegetables, baked goods, meat patties, etc.  They work well for storing liquids as you can freeze them flat and stack them, saving yourself precious freezer space.  When freezing anything in a bag, be sure to remove as much air as possible (you can even use a straw to help get some air out) thus prolonging the life of your food. You can also reuse freezer bags if washed inside and out, though bags which stored meat (especially raw meat) should not be resued. 

Aluminum pans hold their form unless crushed, and are nice for casseroles or things you want to just throw in the oven straight from the freezer.  Aluminum pie tins are also great for this, and pies freeze well pre-baked or not.  If they come with a plastic lid, don't forget to remove it before putting it in the oven.  Do not microwave.   Aluminum pans can be difficult to reuse, so that is a cost to consider. 

Plastic containers that are freezer-safe often work for a short duration.  I use mine for sauces or soups, or for single-serving leftovers I don't feel like eating that week.  You can use them for most anything, but they take up space, so if you're being conservative use the containers.

Vacuum-sealed packages work well for things that can stand a little crushing, like meat.  This form of preservation gives the item a longer freezer life, but can get expensive. 

Casserole dishes, glass or plastic, are perfect for bake and go meals like lasagna, enchiladas, etc.  They stack well and are durable because they can be washed and reused for years.  They take up a lot of room in the freezer, though, and can get expensive if you don't already have them.  If they have plastic lids or components, make sure they're microwave or oven safe before heating them up!  If you want to take a little extra time, you can line your casserole dish with foil and then prepare your casserole or meal inside the foil.  Freeze and then remove the frozen, foil covered casserole from the dish into the freezer.  When you are ready to bake, simply put the casserole back in the original dish.  This has its downsides as the dish needs to be clean and ready to go, but it can serve if you need to freeze something and cannot spare the dish.  Do not defrost without placing the meal in the dish as it will be well…messy. 

Mason jars also work well for the freezer.  For those concerned about using glass in the freezer, consider special freezer safe mason jars.  However, traditional mason jars are meant with withstand extremes of temperature, and do work well in freezer. Mason jars work particularly well for liquids like soups and sauces, and also for bulk storing things like pre-cooked beans and chilis.  Mason jars do a great job in warding against freezer burn.  Remember to leave headspace when freezing as the liquids will expand. 
LABEL EVERYTHING.  Even if you're sure you'll use it soon and remember exactly what it is, you're bound to be surprised sooner or later.  Consider labeling casseroles and make ahead meals with cooking directions so that you don’t have to look the recipe up when it comes time to bake. 

KEEP AN INVENTORY.  Nothing is worse than spending a bunch of time and resources freezer cooking and then not knowing what you have.  An inventory will help keep your freezer meals rotating and let you know what you have and what you need to buy.

5.  How long will foods last in the freezer?
Technically, once the food is frozen, it’s not going to “go bad” in the freezer and will last for an indefinite amount of time.  What will happen, however, is that the food may change texture and taste.    To avoid this, keep a freezer inventory and make sure to regularly rotate your freezer stock.  For quality, the USDA provides the chart to the right.  All information assumes zero degrees.   Personally, I have frozen foods far beyond the recommend guideline without problems, so you’ll need to play a little and figure out what works best for you and your family. 


Item
Months
Bacon and Sausage
1 to 2
Casseroles
2 to 3
Egg whites or egg substitutes
12
Frozen Dinners and Entrees
3 to 4
Gravy, meat or poultry
2 to 3
Ham, Hotdogs and Lunchmeats
1 to 2
Meat, uncooked roasts
4 to 12
Meat, uncooked steaks or chops
4 to 12
Meat, uncooked ground
3 to 4
Meat, cooked
2 to 3
Poultry, uncooked whole
12
Poultry, uncooked parts
9
Poultry, uncooked giblets
3 to 4
Poultry, cooked
4
Soups and Stews
2 to 3
Wild game, uncooked
8 to 12


























 6.  What are different types of freezer cooking?

Freezer cooking can be as simple as freezing leftovers from a meal to be eaten at a later date.  You can also enjoy freezer cooking by doubling or tripling the batches of meals you are already preparing.  Doing so takes very little extra time and allows for greater convenience later.  Where freezing leftovers may be on one end of the spectrum of freezer cooking, Once A Month Cooking (OAMC) is on the other.  Those who use OAMC dedicate one or two days a month to cooking meals that are to be eaten for the rest of that month.  You can decide to only use freezer cooking to take advantage of fantastic sales on meat or veggies, cook for 2 weeks instead of one month, only cook snacks, lunches, or breakfasts.   Whatever you need, there is a type of freezer cooking for you.

Freezer Cooking with Make Ahead Meals

Consider walking down the frozen food section at the grocery store.  You see before you an array of meals ready to be shoved in the oven for dinner.  Freezer cooking can allow you the same convenience of these ready-made meals, all made by your hands.  Frozen meals that only need reheating or baking are wonderfully convenient. 

Having ready to go meals provides you with convenience.  You no longer have to be faced with the clock saying its 5pm and not knowing what to make for dinner.  Dinner is ready to go in the oven.  This convenience also extends to breakfast and lunch.  Waffles and pancakes ready to pop in the toaster make a great alternative to cereal or toast.  Hot-pocket-like sandwiches, burritos, quesadillas and some sandwiches can be pre-made and ready for lunch. 

Having ready to go meals saves you time. When the meal is ready to throw in the oven or on the stove, you don’t need to spend an hour making dinner.  The meal can be defrost the night before or cooked for double the time if frozen.  The oven can do the work while you’re doing other things.





Having ready to go meals saves you money.  It costs less to make your own freezer food than it does to buy it in the freezer section.  And it tastes a whole lot better as well.

 Freezer Cooking with Meal Components or Ingredients

This method is different from other ways of freezer cooking because when you pull the food out of the freezer, it's not a fully prepared meal.  There are a couple exceptions to this rule, but it could be argued whether or not they qualify as meal components or a finished product.  Examples will follow to illustrate my meaning.



Cooking with meal pieces gives you flexibility.  With browned ground beef, onions and peppers, you can add tomato sauce and simmer down for tacos, tomato soup and add beans for chili, season with teriyaki sauce and serve over rice, or serve it all by itself sautéed and on the side of some potatoes, noodles, rice or other starch.  Fold it inside some yeast dough and make steam buns.  Or throw it on top of a pizza with your other favorite toppings.  Three ingredients, LOTS of possibilities. 

Cooking with components is easy.  Look at your most loved cookbooks or think of the meals you eat regularly anyway.  Do they require you to chop vegetables?  Cook meat and then chop it, shred it, pull it, slice it, etc, to then add it to your other ingredients and do more work?  What if, for chicken alfredo, all you had to do was defrost the chicken, alfredo sauce and broccoli and cook some fettuccini until al dente?  Do the prep work when you bring the ingredients home from the grocery store.  Freeze it.  Then when you want a particular meal, pull out just enough for that night's meal.

Cooking with prepped ingredients saves time.  A meal that typically requires an hour or more of preparation comes together in 15 minutes.  If you want rolls or bread with dinner and you don't think of it until 4:30, it's not too late!  You don't have to wait for the yeast to rise.  Hungry families can eat sooner if the time from “start” to finish is shorter.

Cooking with meal pieces saves you money.  The draw of convenience foods available in the freezer section at so many grocery stores today is that it's available and ready.  Make your own convenience foods.  Don't think of a quick trip to the store for a frozen pizza or a trip to Little Caesar's for a “hot” one.  You can make your own in less time and for less money.  Buy things on sale when they're cheap and use your freezer to save you money.  Quick example:  the other day the grocer was going to throw away bell pepper “seconds.”  Instead of allowing this atrocity, I bought them for 5 cents each, prepared them and froze them.

Special Notes about Once a Month Cooking

OAMC can be any combination of the previous two methods, but during your cooking you will prepare enough to handle your meal needs for the entire month.  Although upfront this takes quite a bit of time and preparation, it will save you time every single night of the month.  For those of you interested in OAMC, here a few thoughts to get you started.
1. Plan your menu for the month. 
2. Condense your ingredients.  Look at the ingredients for each item you are serving and create a running tally of how many pounds of ground beef, how many onions, or how much cheese you will need to create your meals for the month. 
3. Shop a different day than you cook.  Plan on spending a different day shopping then cooking.  It can be done all in one day, but it will be a very exhausting day.  Save yourself and do the shopping another day.
4.  Do as much prep work as you can before you cook.  Try to do all your chopping, grating, slicing, and such before you actually start cooking. Having all your ingredients ready first will make the assembly process much faster.
5.  Plan for an easy dinner the night you cook.  You’ll be exhausted.  OAMC is a lot of work in a short period of time, but it is definitely be time well spent and you will definitely feel accomplished and happy once you are done.  
Foods and How They Freeze


In general, here's what to expect when you freezer certain foods:

Breads, Baked Goods, and Other Grains

Bread will be almost exactly the same as if you baked it that day.  The difference is that it will be cool (unless you warm it, of course) and crusts can get soggy if not cooled, stored and defrosted correctly.  To avoid soft crusts, defrost in loose packaging (such as a freezer bag) for a couple hours, then in open air for a few minutes.  You can achieve similar results by baking to defrost, but remember it's already been baked and you could dry it out.  The same applies to muffins, biscuits, etc.  For fresh-from-the-oven dinner rolls, bake 2/3 time required for recipe (do not brown), cool, and freeze.  When ready to serve, bake in 300-degree oven for 10 minutes or until lightly browned and warmed through.

Baked goods are great for the freezer.  Cookies, cakes, muffins, bread, brownies, etc all freeze quite well in simple form.  If cakes are frosted, freeze uncovered, then cover and freeze.  Defrost lightly covered in refrigerator.  Most other baked goods defrost at room temperature and can be eaten as is.  Cookie dough works really well, too.  Don't freeze any dough with baking powder, as the addition of the liquid ingredients causes an immediate reaction, and if baked on a future occasion will cause the product to be flat.  Freeze dough in large container or freezer bag, defrost in fridge and use.  Or flash freeze cookie-sized balls, then freeze in bag.  Give dough balls a few minutes to defrost on tray before baking.

Grains (most freeze and defrost quite well, without much change in quality)
Biscuits-bake, cool, freeze, defrost at room temperature
Bread, yeast-bake, cool, freeze, defrost at room temperature or wrapped in foil in 300 degree oven
Bread, quick-bake, cool, freeze, defrost at room temperature
Muffins-bake, cool, freeze, defrost at room temperature
Buns, hamburger/hotdog/hoagie-bake, cool, freeze, defrost at room temperature
Pancakes-bake on griddle, cool, freeze, defrost in toaster or microwave
Waffles-bake on waffle iron, cool, freeze, defrost in toaster or microwave
Tortillas-bake on griddle, cool, freeze between layers of wax paper for easy defrosting at room temperature or in the fridge
Pizza Dough – freeze in dough form.  Defrost and allow to rise.  Punch down and bake as recipe directs
Oatmeal or other hot cereals-prepare as directed, cool, freeze, defrost in microwave or on stove top
Rice-cook, cool, freeze, defrost in fridge, in microwave or on stovetop.  I've found this is best used for fried rice, rice pudding, burritos, etc since it gets a little dry.

Fruits and Vegetables
In general, fruits and vegetables lose their crisp textures, and for that reason do best added to recipes.  Some vegetables can be served well on their own if eaten lightly steamed.  Expect extra water when freezing produce.

Fruit (freezing almost always creates mushy fruit.  It's best when frozen for use in something, like a baked good, syrup, yogurt topping, ice cream, smoothies, baby food, etc.)
Citrus-juice and freeze.  Occasionally, the result is bitter depending on the variety.  Defrost in fridge.
Stone fruit (peaches, plums, mangoes, avocados)-slice and freeze slices on wax paper on cookie tray for two hours.  When frozen, transfer to freezer container.  Defrost in fridge or at room temperature if serving immediately.
Berries-hull and slice strawberries.  Lay all berries on wax paper on cookie tray and place in freezer 1-2 hours.  When frozen, transfer to freezer container.  Defrost in fridge or at room temperature if serving immediately. 
Melon-remove seeds, chop, spread on wax paper and flash freeze as above.  Transfer to freezer container.  Defrost in fridge or at room temperature if serving immediately.
Apples and pears-peel and core.  Slice or chop.  Treat with lemon juice or other color keeper to prevent   browning and flash freeze.  Can also shred.  Place in freezer container.  Defrost in fridge or at room temperature if using immediately.
Bananas-peel, slice into large sections, treat with color keeper and flash freeze.  Can also freeze mashed or whole.  Place in freezer container.  Defrost in fridge or at room temperature if using immediately.
*If using in smoothies, ice cream or baked goods, often it's best to leave fruit frozen until ready to use.  Can also be frozen in purees for use in appropriate applications.

Vegetables (some veggies require blanching before freezing, and are best eaten after cooking.  Do not freeze lettuce or other salad greens, green onions, cucumbers, raw potatoes or radishes.)
Broccoli, cauliflower, peas, green beans, carrots, asparagus, corn, snap peas in pod-cut or chop into bite-sized pieces, blanch by placing in pot of boiling water for 2-4 minutes (colors should stay bright) and rinsing immediately in cold water.  Flash freeze on wax paper then transfer to freezer container.  Defrost in microwave or on stove.
Green peppers, onions, celery, tomatoes-chop and freeze in recipe portions (I use snack bags all tossed into a giant freezer bag) or flash freeze so they can be measured later.  Use in recipes they'll be cooked in, e.g. pizza toppings or in stir-fries. 
Squash, yams, pumpkin or sweet potatoes-cook, chop and flash freeze or cook and mash.  Put in freezer container.  Defrost in oven, microwave or refrigerator if using in recipe.
Spinach-chop, cook slightly, cool and freeze.  Defrost on stovetop or in microwave or in refrigerator if using in recipe.
Potatoes- do not freeze raw.  In order to freeze the potato must be in a cooked for, and then you can still expect some change in texture.  Use cream cheese instead of milk and butter in freezer mashed potatoes.  Homemade fries and hashbrowns should be flash frozen after cooking for best results.

Meat, Fish and Poultry
Meat, fish and poultry can get freezer burn if not packaged properly.  Try wrapping in foil and sealing in freezer bag.  If seasoned and already cooked, many seasonings lose their potency.  Add more when you defrost or pair with something else flavorful.

Meat (meat can be left raw or cooked.  For the quick food prep, I like to cook in large portions and then freeze.  This also keeps more expensive cuts like steak or roast more tender and flavorful.)
Beef, Pork, Ham-separate into family-sized portions and freeze raw or cook entire cut of meat.  Cool and freeze in family-sized portions.  Defrost in refrigerator, microwave, oven or on stovetop.
Poultry-clean bird and disjoint and cut if desired, or leave whole.  Freeze raw, or cook entire bird.  Shred or chop and freeze in family-sized portions.
Fish-prepare as for cooking, dip in salt water and freeze.  Defrost in refrigerator, oven, or on stovetop.
Bacon, Sausage-freeze raw in family-sized portions or cooked in family-sized portions.  Defrost in refrigerator, stove top, or use in recipe.

Meat Dishes (Including meatloaves, hamburger patties, meatballs)
Freeze meatloaves and hamburgers premixed and shaped but raw. Most meatloaves can be cooked from frozen with the addition of additional ketchup/bbq sauce and double the time.  Hamburger patties should be flash frozen in a single layer on a lined cookie sheet and then stored.  Hamburger patties can also be cooked from frozen, just assume a longer cook time.  Meatballs to well frozen either raw or cooked.  For either, flash freeze and store in a container.  Removed desired amount as needed. 

Dairy Products

Most dairy changes in texture when frozen unless used in something, like cream cheese in cheesecake.  For this reason, most are best used as ingredients rather than alone after defrosting.
Cheese, bricks-leave whole, cut into cubes or shred.  If cut or shredded, flash freeze then transfer to freezer container.  Defrost whole brick in refrigerator.  Defrosting isn't necessary for pieces before using in recipe.
Cream cheese-freeze entire brick.  Consistency will change, but can be used in recipes.
Eggs, whole-break eggs into bowl.  Stir to just break yolks, but do not whip.  For each cup of eggs, add 1 T sugar or corn syrup or 1 tsp salt.  Freeze in family-sized or recipe portions, such as the amount of eggs needed to scramble for breakfast for your family, or amount for one cake or batch of cookies.  Or, freeze individually in ice cube trays.  After frozen, put all ice cube eggs in a baggie for easy access. Remember to omit sugar or salt from recipe, if necessary.  2 ½ T=1 egg.
Butter-freeze as cubes.  Defrost in refrigerator or at room temperature.  Can melt in microwave or on stovetop. 
Milk-can freeze whole gallons.  Remove ½ cup before freezing to allow room for expansion.  Defrost in refrigerator.  Use within 5 days of defrosting.
Egg product-freeze new containers; defrost in refrigerator.  Use within 5 days of defrosting.
Sour Cream-does not freeze well unless used in recipe.

Breakfasts
Breakfast items freeze very well—think Eggo Waffles, but make your own that taste better.  Pancakes, waffles, biscuits, quiche, coffee cake, muffins, bagels, doughnuts, French toast etc all work well.  Cook or bake, cool, and freeze.  Defrost pancakes and waffles in the toaster, biscuits, muffins, bagels, doughnuts and coffee cake at room temperature, and bake the quiche or breakfast bake.  Don't forget to top with foil to avoid over-browning. Breakfast pockets which contain bacon and egg and only need to be defrosted and reheated in the microwave for easy and convenient breakfasts on the go.   When making breakfast pockets, plan on greatly undercooking your egg as it will finish cooking when pocket is baked and reheated. 

Lunches

Lunch can be a quick fix if it comes from the freezer.  Sandwiches freeze well and bread doesn't get soggy if you put a layer of fat (like mayo, butter or peanut butter) on both slices.  Don't freeze sandwiches with vegetables; the texture will be quite different.  PBJ (or PB with honey or whatever you like) works as long as you put peanut butter on both slices.  Burritos are perfect freezer foods—just roll and freeze individually and defrost in the microwave.  You can also turn dinner foods into easy, portable lunch foods, like making pizza rolls or homemade hot pockets.  By the way, go light on the mayo—it changes consistency just slightly in the freezer.  Frozen pizza is easy to recreate and store in your freezer for an easy meal.  Take your dough and add sauce, cheese, and toppings appropriate or your family.  Freeze before baking and then bake from frozen for 5-10 min longer than the recipe states. 

Dinners

Dinners come in various forms, all of which freeze differently.  Just remember if you're going to precook and then freeze to cool completely before freezing.  Main dish meat recipes, like meatloaf, meatballs, hamburgers, fish or turkey burgers, marinated fish, chicken or steak, etc can be frozen raw after being prepared, see Meat section.

Casseroles  (In this category we would also include lasagna, enchiladas and baked spaghetti.) 
Most casseroles freeze wonderfully. In my experience, some even taste better frozen than they do just after being made.  Some casseroles that are light on liquid may need a bit extra so as to avoid drying.  Casseroles can be taken out the night before to defrost and then baked according to the recipe instructions.  They can also be baked directly from frozen, but it is not the best idea.  If you do need to bake directly from frozen, plan on doubling your baking time and covering the dish with foil so that the top does not burn while the middle is cooking.

Soup and chili usually freeze very well.  Liquid expands when frozen, so make sure you leave about ¼” headspace before placing in the freezer.  Cream soups may separate in the freezer, but extra whisking during reheating should solve the problem.  Potato soups may change texture in the freezer.  Pasta may be softer than expected, so if planning to freeze, it is probably best to make sure pasta is at least al dente before freezing or add the pasta after defrosting the base.  Defrost in the fridge and reheat in the microwave or on the stovetop.

Other- Pies, Marinades and Sauces
Pies (Including both potpies and fruit pies)
Pies freeze beautifully.  Pies can be completely prepared and then frozen before baking.  Flash freeze and then store in the freezer covered.  Pies can be baked directly from frozen with an addition of 15 min or so to their cook time.   Pies also

Marinades and Sauces

Tomato based-prepare according to recipe directions, cool if necessary and freeze.  Defrost in refrigerator, microwave or on stovetop.
Cream or cheese based-these sauces can curdle slightly when frozen.  Use less fat and defrost gently on stovetop to maintain proper consistency.
Vinegar based-blend ingredients cool if necessary and freeze.  Defrost in refrigerator, then use.  Or freeze meat or poultry in marinade and defrost together.
Dessert sauces-many of these do quite well in the freezer because of the sugar content.  Defrost gently on stove top to prevent scorching

The following recipes are freezer friendly.  Some have instructions included in the recipe, but most don't.  For the most part, though, you can reheat in the oven for 20 to 30 minutes, in the microwave for 10 to 15, or pop things in the toaster.  Most breads, desserts or snacks just grab out of the freezer and let them defrost for a bit.

Breakfast
Appetizers

Soups/Stews

Turkey

Pork

Fish

Beef
Vegetarian

Breads
Snacks


Dessert


Tutorials

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